A pet is any animal that has been tamed and kept for companionship. They can be animals like dogs, cats and fish, as well as reptiles, amphibians and arthropods. In addition, some birds and certain mammals can be trained to perform tricks and provide affection. Pets are often devoted to their owners and can develop an emotional bond over time. They can help people feel less lonely or stressed and may even lower blood pressure.
In many families, pets can teach children responsibility and how to care for something other than themselves. They can also improve social skills and self-esteem. They can also improve the quality of life for older adults by reducing loneliness, anxiety and depression.
Pets can be a source of comfort for people who are sick or lonely and have been through traumatic events. They can also provide social support for young children who are struggling to fit in and feel included. The presence of a pet can be especially beneficial for individuals with dementia or Alzheimer’s disease by reducing feelings of distress, isolation and anxiety.
NIH is researching the relationship between pets and health, including how pets impact heart disease, mental illness and other health problems. We are trying to understand how having a pet can positively influence a person’s health, and which types of animals have the most positive impacts.
When choosing a pet, it is important to consider the family’s lifestyle and how much time they are able to devote to caring for the animal. For example, a dog requires lots of exercise and may not be a good choice for someone who spends long periods of time away from home. Another consideration is space. Some pets, such as rabbits and guinea pigs, require a cage or enclosure to live in. Others, such as hamsters and mice, can be kept in small cages that can be kept on a desk or other surface.
A healthy diet is essential for a pet’s health. Proteins, which are made from meat, poultry, lamb and fish, help to build strong bones and muscles. Amino acids, such as arginine, leucine, methionine, lysine and taurine, are also important for muscle growth. Minerals, such as calcium, phosphorous, potassium, and magnesium, are needed for bone and teeth health. Carbohydrates are necessary for energy, and vitamins are crucial for nutrient absorption.
It is best to expose children to pets at a young age, through visits with friends’ or relatives’ pets and petting zoos. This can increase the likelihood that they will consider adopting a pet when they are older and be able to meet their unique needs. Some families choose to add a pet when children are older because of the commitment that it entails, but it is possible for a child as young as preschool age to begin to demonstrate a willingness and ability to care for a pet. It is important to introduce them to pets gradually, however, to avoid triggering allergies that could be harmful to their health.